The Roman Catholic beliefs and teachings about the sacrament of marriage Essay Example for Free

The Roman Catholic convictions and lessons about the ceremony of marriage Essay The book of scriptures trains that marriage is frightened and that God planned people to get one through marriage. Beginning 2:21-24 according to Catholics, marriage is a holy observance. A holy observance is an outward indication of an internal and otherworldly elegance. At the point when Catholics wed they accept that God sanctions their association. Jesus continually advised us that it is through cherishing that we make every second count. The more we love, the more we live and acknowledge Gods endowment of life. In the affection they share in marriage, a man and lady are called to help each other to live and adore. They consider it to be something in which God is profoundly engaged with and which likewise includes the entire network. That is the reason a wedding happens in a congregation. Roman Catholics accept that marriage is a contract. The words agreement and pledge are totally different. In an agreement an individual provides so as to get, such a 50 arrangement. To consider marriage an agreement isn't acceptable, provided that one accomplice doesn't give the half for some explanation, the relationship lays on a feeble premise and bound to fizzle. Marriage is an association between two individuals dependent on common Trust. An agreement is an a lot more extravagant approach to depict marriage, it requests 100% exertion by the two accomplices. The word agreement returns to the Old Testament times, when God made his vows to different individuals, for example Abraham and Moses. I will be your God and you will be my kin. God was dedicated to his guarantee of adoration despite the fact that the Jews regularly got some distance from him. In the New Testament Jesus carnage for us on the cross is portrayed as the blood of the New Covenant. Marriage as a pledge is inventive and is to be available to the reproduction of Children. A Christian marriage reflects God who is love. A Christian marriage assists Christians with understanding that the power of profound devotion between a wedded couple has carried them closer to one another as well as carried them closer to Christ. The adoration for God is appeared in the life of Jesus who gave his life to Gods individuals. Roman Catholics accept that through marriage Gods love is reflected in the adoration that the couple have for one another. Couples share in an elite love like what God appeared to us in the life of his child. St. Paul made the correlation of how a wedded couple should cherish each other like Christ adores his devotees. Spouses love your wives, the same amount of as Christ cherishes the congregation and gave his life for it.(Ephesians) St. Paul likewise mentions to us what this affection resembles in a letter to the Corinthians Love is consistently kind, tolerant, never desirous, it is rarely inconsiderate. The holy observance of marriage gives us a functioning knowledge into Gods love for us and how profoundly it truly is. St. Johns letter shows us a further understanding into this affection. God is love, and any individual who lives in adoration lives in God, and God lives in him Roman Catholics accept marriage is a holy observance, a sign for all to see. In commending the ceremony of marriage the couple welcome Jesus to be with them in their affection and in their wedded life. The marriage is an indication of Gods love for his kin. In the wedded couple we can see an impression of Gods unlimited love, in this manner marriage is an open indication of adoration the couple have for one another. My kids, our adoration isn't intended to be simply words or minor talk, yet something genuine and dynamic. Love is something that will be lived out however one another and through the eyes of god. In the administration and at the hour of the holy observance the couple maintain their adoration for one another before God. We guarantee to cherish each other genuinely, for better, for more awful, for more extravagant In the Book of Genesis we get familiar with the holy observance of marriage, It isn't useful for the man to be distant from everyone else, I will give him an assistance mate. That is the reason a man leaves his dad and mom and sticks to his better half, and both of them become one body. Marriage is just made heavenly in the holy observance and it is a festival imparted to a network. Roman Catholics accept marriage is selective. To experience the ceremony of union with the full the couple must be set up to adore each other only and their responsibility of unequivocal love and devotion for the remainder of their lives. Thou will not submit infidelity is the 6th charge and infidelity is a disloyalty of the perpetual duty of affection that an individual has made. That responsibility is will you love and respect each other forever. In taking this responsibility it ought not be broken, trust can be lost and a parent who submits infidelity sells out the offspring of the marriage by putting in danger the steadiness and secure love a family ought to give. Each man ought to have his own better half, and each lady ought to have her own significant other. A man ought to satisfy the obligation as a spouse and a lady ought to satisfy her obligation as a wife. (Corinthians 7:10-11) Marriage in the Christian custom is a long lasting duty of one accomplice to the next, and depen ds on the instructing of Jesus on the permance of marriage. Roman Catholics accept that marriage is nurturing and ought to be available to the transmission of new life. Marriage is nurturing and it includes capable parenthood. The adoration traded in sex inventive and ought to consistently be open. Each marriage ought to stay open to the transmission of life. Humanae Vitae. Families create from the caring relationship of a wedded couple. Will you acknowledge youngsters affectionately from God. The adoration, which is shared, isn't for the couple alone rather love is consistently imaginative. In Gods plan for the world the association of man and spouse was structured for common satisfaction as well as so that through their adoration, God could proceed with his imaginative work. Christians comprehend that marriage is generally a greeting from God to co-work with him in carrying new life into the world. Roman Catholics accept that marriage is perpetual. Marriage in the Christian convention is a long lasting responsibility. In the first place, at the hour of creation God made male and female hence, a man will leave his mom and father and the two will get one. Jesus underlines in these words the perpetual quality of marriage. Catholics accept a marriage between Christians can never be broken up so in spite of the fact that for legitimate reasons a catholic may get a common separation the congregation despite everything believes them to be hitched and they can not remarry in the congregation all the times of our lives until the end of time This shows the couples promise to one another is forever and is accentuated in their pledges. Marriage is a selective relationship in that wedded individuals stay devoted to one another Will you love and respect each other for life In the Catholic church just invalidation or passing of one accomplice liberates an individual to remarry in the congregation. In the Church of England they train that marriage is forever however acknowledges there might be conditions where the promises cannot be kept. The congregation petitions God for absolution and recognizes for some separation and remarriage. The Orthodox Church encourages marital promises are taken with each expectation of being kept yet there are times this doesnt happen accordingly the couple ought to be acknowledged from their pledges. Some free places of worship say it isn't the demise of one of the life partners that end a marriage yet the passing of the adoration between the couple, so it is smarter to separate than to live a falsehood. All sections instruct that marriage is forever; it is when things turn out badly they take an alternate disposition. At the point when things turn out badly partition isn't the main choice, there is help gatherings, for example, RELATE and ACCORD who offer direction for the couples who are discovering hitched life troublesome, these gatherings attempt to keep the marriage lasting by taking care of the issues that are making the marriage be troublesome as opposed to maintaining a strategic distance from the difficult which can end in separate.

The Importance of College Paper Writing Service

The Importance of College Paper Writing ServiceWhen it comes to writing online college papers there are many people that feel that they can do it themselves. But, that is not always the case. A good writer knows that a good college paper only goes one way and that is up the career ladder.Once you hand in your work to the editor, he or she has only one way to get the paper out onto the internet. They need a front and back page. So you may wonder what is required of a college paper writing service.Well, a large number of individuals have already been taken advantage of by companies that provide such services. They come in and type up a huge article for you but then leave it to you to edit it. This leaves you with a draft which is just a fraction of the original length.You then have to rewrite the paper, not knowing if the college or academic council will be coming down on you for it. It could also be the case that it gets rejected. What you are left with is a lot of hard work. But, whe n you have your work reviewed by someone who understands this sort of thing, you are given a much higher chance of getting the paper approved for publication.The editor will expect you to proofread the paper for spelling and punctuation and to make sure that the correct formatting is used. Again, unless you are a professional writer, you will not be able to do this properly yourself. You could end up with a page full of mistakes.With the majority of universities being very strict about the spelling and grammar used in a paper, you really should not be relying on a college paper writing service to proofread it for you. A lot of them are very good at writing but do not have the time to do this sort of thing. So, you should be well aware of your limitations.So, when it comes to typing up your paper, the major part of the work is up to you. This is where a college paper writing service excels. Not only will they write the paper for you, they will proofread it for you and then make any c orrections necessary.You really do not want to rely on the work of an online college paper writing service. You need to take care of all the aspects of the writing for yourself. There is no reason why you cannot write a paper at home, with a little help.

Level of Stress Among Call Centre Employees free essay sample

Level of Stress among Call Center Employees Submission date: eighth January, 2008 Submitted By: Ayesha Khalid Ayesha Sarfaraz Nazool-e-Tabassum Saira Khan Mussaffa Butt Submitted to Dr. Farah Malik Associate Professor Department of Psychology Government College University Lahore Introduction Stress is utilized as a general name for a tremendous mind boggling, interdisciplinary zone of intrigue and study, quite a bit of which is wellbeing related.Most frequently stress is identified with individual uneasiness related with an over requesting or troubling way of life circumstance (Adams Bromley, 1998) stress is a piece of regular daily existence, we experience pressure every day, despite the fact that it is recognized that the level of pressure fluctuates significantly relying upon the unpredictability of the circumstance and accessibility of help. For a few, the pressure is reasonable and work or home life isn't influenced. For other people, nonetheless, the pressure arrives at a basic point where there might be a requirement for clinical or mental help (Weiten, 2001).The reasons for pressure can incorporate any occasion or event that an individual thinks about a danger to their adapting procedures or assets. We will compose a custom exposition test on Level of Stress Among Call Center Employees or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Analysts by and large concur that a specific level of pressure is an ordinary piece of a living life forms reaction to the inescapable changes in its physical or social condition, and that positive, just as negative, occasions can produce worry just as negative events (Frey, 2002). There can be countless pressure factors since various people respond distinctively to a similar pressure conditions.Extreme stress circumstances for an individual may end up being mellow for another, for one more individual the circumstances probably won't qualify as worrying by any stretch of the imagination. (http://www. lifepositive. com/stress. html). The way that ladies report and show more elevated level of mental misery than men has been clarified in three significant manners. The methodological ancient rarity clarification recommends that ladies are associated to be progressively expressive and in this way will concede more passionate side effects than men in light of the standard mental pressure (Frey, 2002).The pressure introduction contention proposes that ladies face more stressor by and large or increasingly serious, persevering stressors than men. While the weakness contention propose that ladies need adapting assets, for example, high confidence, a feeling of dominance or suitable adapting methodologies for taking care of the stressors to which they are uncovered. Newman (1984 c. f. Eckenrode, 1991) proposed that ladies over report minor manifestations that blow up over all misery scores (Eller, 2000).Stress in people all in all outcomes from cooperations among people and their condition that are seen as stressing or surpassing their versatile limits and compromising their prosperity. The component of observation shows that human pressure reactions reflect contrasts in character, just as contrasts in physical quality or general wellbeing (Frey, 2002). Stress is frequently named as a twentieth century condition, resulting from keeps an eye on race towards present day progress and its following complexities.For that issue, causes, for example, a basic flight postponement to dealing with a young kid at home can put you under pressure. Posting the reasons for pressure is precarious yet packed with handy decent variety (http://www. lifepositive. com/stress. html). General reason for pressure incorporate basically, Threat; an apparent risk will lead an individual to feel focused. This can incorporate physical dangers, social dangers, money related risk, etc. Dread; Fear prompts envisioned results, which are the genuine wellspring of stress. Vulnerability; When individuals are not sure, they can't foresee, and thus feel they are not in charge, and subsequently may feel dread or feel undermined by that which is causing the vulnerability (http://www. workstress. net/causes. htm). Aside from certain general causes another explanation is subjective disharmony; it is when there is a hole between what individuals do and what they think, at that point the result experience is psychological cacophony, which is felt as pressure.

How a Space Elevator Would Work

A space elevator is a proposed transportation system connecting the Earths surface to space. The elevator would allow vehicles to travel to orbit or space without the use of rockets. While elevator travel wouldnt be faster than rocket travel, it would be much less expensive and could be used continuously to transport cargo and possibly passengers. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky first described a space elevator in 1895. Tsiolkovksy proposed building a tower from the surface up to geostationary orbit, essentially making an incredibly tall building. The problem with his idea was that the structure would be crushed by all the weight above it. Modern concepts of space elevators are based on a different principle — tension. The elevator would be built using a cable attached at one end to the Earths surface and to a massive counterweight at the other end, above geostationary orbit (35,786 km). Gravity would pull downward on the cable, while centrifugal force from the orbiting counterweight would pull upward. The opposing forces would reduce the stress on the elevator, compared with building a tower to space. While a normal elevator uses moving cables to pull a platform  up and down, the space elevator would rely on devices called crawlers, climbers, or lifters that travel  along a stationary cable or ribbon. In other words, the elevator would move on the cable. Multiple climbers would need to be traveling in both directions to offset vibrations from the Coriolis force acting on their motion. Parts of a Space Elevator The setup for the elevator would be something like this: A massive station, captured asteroid, or group of climbers would be positioned higher than geostationary orbit. Because the tension on the cable would be at its maximum at the orbital position, the cable would be thickest there, tapering toward the Earths surface. Most likely, the cable would either be deployed from space or constructed in multiple sections, moving down to Earth. Climbers would move up and down the cable on rollers, held in place by friction. Power could be supplied by existing technology, such as wireless energy transfer, solar power, and/or stored nuclear energy. The connection point at the surface could be a mobile platform in the ocean, offering security for the elevator and flexibility for avoiding obstacles. Travel on a space elevator would not be fast! The travel time from one end to the other would be several days to a month. To put the distance in perspective, if the climber moved at 300 km/hr (190 mph), it would take five days to reach geosynchronous orbit. Because climbers have to work in concert with others on the cable to make it stable, its likely progress would be much slower. Challenges Yet to Be Overcome The biggest obstacle to space elevator construction is the lack of a material with high enough tensile strength  and  elasticity and low enough density to build the cable or ribbon. So far, the strongest materials for the cable would be diamond nanothreads (first synthesized in 2014) or  carbon nanotubules. These materials have yet to be synthesized to sufficient length or tensile strength to density ratio. The covalent chemical bonds connecting carbon atoms in carbon or diamond nanotubes can only withstand so much stress before unzipping or tearing apart. Scientists calculate the strain the bonds can support, confirming that while it might be possible to one day construct a ribbon long enough to stretch from the Earth to geostationary orbit, it wouldnt be able to sustain additional stress from the environment, vibrations, and climbers. Vibrations and wobble are a serious consideration. The cable would be susceptible to pressure from the solar wind, harmonics (i.e., like a really long violin string), lightning strikes, and wobble from the Coriolis force. One solution would be to control the movement of crawlers to compensate for some of the effects. Another problem is that the space between geostationary orbit and the Earths surface is littered with space junk and debris. Solutions include cleaning up near-Earth space or making the orbital counterweight able to dodge obstacles. Other issues include corrosion, micrometeorite impacts, and the effects of the Van Allen radiation belts (a problem for both materials and organisms). The magnitude of the challenges coupled with the development of reusable rockets, like those developed by SpaceX, have diminished interest in space elevators, but that doesnt mean the elevator idea is dead. Space Elevators Arent Just for Earth A suitable material for an Earth-based space elevator has yet to be developed, but existing materials are strong enough to support a space elevator on the Moon, other moons, Mars, or asteroids. Mars has about a third the gravity of Earth, yet rotates at about the same rate, so a Martian space elevator would be much shorter than one built on Earth. An elevator on Mars would have to address the low orbit of the moon Phobos, which intersects the Martian equator regularly. The complication for a lunar elevator, on the other hand, is that the Moon doesnt rotate quickly enough to offer a stationary orbit point. However, the Lagrangian points could be used instead. Even though a lunar elevator would be 50,000 km long on the near side of the Moon and even longer on its far side, the lower gravity makes construction feasible. A Martian elevator could provide ongoing transport outside of the planets gravity well, while a lunar elevator could be used to send materials from the Moon to a locatio n readily reached by Earth. When Will a Space Elevator Be Built? Numerous companies have proposed plans for space elevators. Feasibility studies indicate an elevator wont be built until (a) a material is discovered that can support the tension for an Earth elevator or (b) theres a need for an elevator on the Moon or Mars. While its probable the conditions will be met in the 21st century, adding a space elevator ride to your bucket list might be premature. Recommended Reading Landis, Geoffrey A. Cafarelli, Craig (1999). Presented as paper IAF-95-V.4.07, 46th International Astronautics Federation Congress, Oslo Norway, October 2–6, 1995. The Tsiolkovski Tower Reexamined.  Journal of the British Interplanetary Society.  52: 175–180.  Cohen, Stephen S.; Misra, Arun K. (2009). The effect of climber transit on the space elevator dynamics.  Acta Astronautica.  64  (5–6): 538–553.  Fitzgerald, M., Swan, P., Penny, R. Swan, C. Space Elevator Architectures and Roadmaps, Lulu.com Publishers 2015

The Withered Arm - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 957 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/24 Category Advertising Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Does Hardy portray a typical view of ghost stories with â€Å"The Withered Arm†? In my opinion I don’t think so. Let’s have a look at the comparisons. A typical ghost/supernatural story has usually three ghost sightings but in â€Å"The Withered Arm† it’s a different story. The ghost of a living person appears once in the form of a vision. This is very unlike the stereotypical ghost stories of today. I feel Thomas Hardy has uncovered a whole new type of ghost story. One of the messages the story conveys is ‘don’t wish bad on others or it will come back to haunt you’ Our story is set in the fictional region of South West England known as ‘Wessex’. There we meet our three main characters, Rhoda Brook, Farmer Lodge and Gertrude Lodge. Rhoda is a faded milkmaid and twelve years before the story is set Rhoda had an affair and fell pregnant with Farmer Lodge’s child. As he was of a higher class, Farmer Lo dge soon abandoned Rhoda and his child. He is now newly wed to the more suited, Gertrude. Although Rhoda had never met the new bride, she carried a strong grudge against her. One night Rhoda had a supernatural vision of the young Mrs Lodge with â€Å" features shockingly distorted † and â€Å" wrinkled as by age These are some of the phrases used to describe the vision. Also Gertrude flashes her new ring at Rhoda taunting her, â€Å"the figure thrust forward its left hand mockingly†. I feel this is the point in the story in which the reader is engaged. I do not feel this is typical of a ghost story, like I said previously; the vision was of a living person and not the undead. Setting doesn’t play a strong part in the story but it is still important. Take the description of Rhoda’s house for example; â€Å"a rafter showed like a bone protruding through the skin† This allows the reader to empathise with Rhoda’s situation. The description o f her house then goes on to say the walls were made of mud, this shows the reader just how working class Rhoda is and how life must be a struggle for her and her son. Also the description of Egdon Heath and the atmosphere around it plays a significant role in the story. â€Å" dark though it was as yet only early afternoon † â€Å" the wind howled dismally † The language used describes the atmosphere of Egdon Heath as mysterious and quite frightening. This story is written in the third person so the reader can observe all the characters and also it makes the story unbiased. I don’t feel in some ways the characters are typical of a ghost story and in some ways are not. The number of characters, a small amount, is typical of a ghost story. Also there is a fortune teller, conjuror Trendle, like in many supernatural stories. There are no ‘ghost characters’ as such, making the story different to most other ghost/supernatural stories. Hardy uses chapte rs in his short story to create suspense and to break it down. The chapters often end on cliff hangers which hooks the reader in. The use of rhetorical questions proves a deal of suspense. â€Å"Could this be the explanation, and had such things as this ever happened before? Hardy leaves a lot to the imagination for example, the egg in the glass, you never see what Gertrude sees in the glass and you never hear what conjurer Trendle says to her. This is left to the reader’s imagination. It is obvious what Gertrude sees in the glass, yet Hardy does not tell us, making the reader question what they originally thought. The dream scene with Rhoda and Gertrude is an excellent example of how tension builds in the story. The imagery and use of emotive language helps portray the suspense and tension â€Å"the figure thrust forward its left hand mockingly† â€Å" addened mentally and nearly suffocated by pressure † I think the ending of the story is very well done. For s ome the ending may seem rushed, but it is a short story and it delivers its message quickly but effectively. The twist in the story is that the young man being hanged was in fact Rhoda’s son and all three main characters are present for the first time. Hardy sums up at the end what happens after Gertrude’s death, following the hanging. This is important for the reader, as it ties together what happens with the characters later on in life. Hardy raises concerns about social class in â€Å"The Withered Arm† He feels that the working class were mistreated and shows this, in the description of Rhoda’s house, the fact that Rhoda’s son is so unimportant he doesn’t have a name and, because of his working class how he was hanged as an example to trouble makers, even though he was innocent. He wants the reader to share his views. Hardy’s own life was somewhat similar to the events that happened in â€Å"The Withered Arm† He was an ou tcast when it came to working in London, just like Rhoda in the dairy. His mother was of higher class than his father, like Rhoda, Farmer Lodge and the boy. This is significant to the story as it has some relation to Hardy’s personal life. Also he was a strong believer in the supernatural and supernatural forces and his mother would have known conjurors in the village he grew up in, people like conjuror Trendle. As a modern reader I feel that Hardy has succeeded in telling an effective tale as it scared me like it would have scared the readers in Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Withered Arm" essay for you Create order

The Effects Of Sleep On Children And Adults - 1839 Words

Felicity Mensah-Bonsu Health Psychology February 28th, 2016 Since the semester started sleep has been something that has alluded me several times. I can’t remember the last time I had a full 7 or 8 hour sleep. My sleep pattern now seems to consist of barely any naps and close to 4 or 5 hours of sleep. For this project i want to look at how i can improve my sleep patterns so that i’m getting more than 4 to 5 hours of sleep a day and if it’ll improve my work ethic as well as my health. Sleep is a concept that many students and adults hold dearly. There is nothing better than a good nap or a full hour or so of sleep, however, how much sleep we are expected to have daily is sometimes unknown and we may not be getting the recommended hours†¦show more content†¦Another set of researchers have come to the conclusion that a big part of college students sleep patterns has to do with their sleep variability. Sleep variability can affect a person’s cognitive performance. One of the ways you can define this is that sleep variability is the â€Å" irregular sleep durations across several days† (Whiting Murdock, 2016). Sleep variability can also be defined â€Å"in terms of bedtime and wake time shifts across school and non-school nights† (Whiting Murdock, 2016). No matter how you look at it sleep variability is focusing on a person’s sleep patterns. In terms of college students like myself this would be the inadequate amount of sleep th at I am receiving that can affect my â€Å"psychological functioning, mood, as well as cognitive and academic performance that has to do with attentional functioning† (Whiting Murdock, 2016). As I was looking into interventions and monitoring plans for my study that i would be conducting i came across a few that I thought would be interesting to try out. One intervention focused around sleep disturbances in adolescents. The article covers the idea that sleep deprivation can â€Å"worsen emotion regulation, increase irritability, anxiousness, hostility, and even fatigue† (Paavonen, Huurre, Tilli, Kiviruusu, Partonen, 2015). Other problems also include cognitive problems, low attendance, poor school performance, and even symptoms that can mimicShow MoreRelatedSleep Is An Important Part Of Everyday Life Of A Human Being1704 Words   |  7 PagesSleep is an important part of the everyday life of a human being. There are multiple sleep cycles but in the process one of the most important stages is known as REM Sleep. REM also known as rapid eye movement is the very unique phase of sleep where the eyes begin to randomly move, and the extremities of the body become paral yzed while vivid dreaming begins to occur. This stage is the the most important for the consolidation of different memories and also in facial recognition and other mental processesRead MoreSleep And Its Effect On Children1342 Words   |  6 PagesSleep is extremely beneficial and plays an important role in every person’s health. Mostly, sleep is a crucial component in an infant’s first year of life, however there is very little research done on sleep and its effect on learning in motor development in infants. Motor development is defined as the ability to move and to develop those movements over time. Even though studies that address how sleep impacts infant’s new motor skills are very few, sleep does play a role in multiple factors duringRead MoreBenefits Of Living A Healthy Lifestyle Essay983 Words   |  4 Pagesaspects that are most beneficial to a healthy life include sleep, diet and nutrition, and exercise. To live a healthy life starts at a young age. Living a healthy lifestyle when young is beneficial for adult life. 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StudiesRead MoreEssay about The Importance and Intricacies of Sleep990 Words   |  4 Pages Sleep Sleep is the time when people’s brain is very active. Sleep takes more effects to the brain in infancy through childhood. During these periods of the life span the brain develops a lot while sleeping, which is why they fall into deeper sleep. During infancy the first year is the most drastic change of the baby’s sleeping pattern. Infants do not sleep throughout the night since they have not yet developed a sleep cycle yet (Lampl). Infants sleep from 12-18 hours a day. In a study done toRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep On Blood Glucose Levels1162 Words   |  5 Pageshealthy young adults submitted to recurrent partial sleep restriction, marked alterations in glucose metabolism including decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity have been demonstrated (Spiegel et al. 2005). 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CSL Global Group

Question: Discuss about the CSL Global Group. Answer: Introduction CSL Global group is a biotherapeutics specialty company, which provides services in Australia, Switzerland, Germany, America, and the UK. The company employs more than 16,000 workers in over 30 countries (csl.com.au 2016). Macquarie group, on the other hand, is the leading provider of funds, investment, advisory and financial management services to the major financial centers around the world (macquarie.com/au 2016). The project aims at comparing and contrasting the business processes of the two companies based on their mission statements, values of the organization, stakeholders and corporate social responsibilities in the market. The project also aims at analyzing whether the companies are meeting with the SMART objectives and goals. Vision and Mission Statement CSL The biotherapeutics specialty company aims at developing biotherapies, which are innovative and are helpful in saving lives of people having life threatening medical conditions. The focus of the company is on the life-cycle management, safety of product portfolio and new product development (csl.com.au 2016). The company is eager to invest on its Research and Development sector in the future such that to incorporate the latest technology within its product development process. The company has also a strong commitment for the funding of the innovative medical products in order to fulfill the medical needs of the patients in the future. Macquarie group The aim of the Macquarie group is to diversify its business process, which could be covering a wide range of capital and advisory markets, trading, asset finance, funds management and other financial sectors in the market. This integration of the diversity of the operations together with a strong risk management framework and strong capital positions has put the company to an unbroken competitive advantage in the market. Adopting the name of its creator with the holey dollar as its symbol, the company aims at incorporating its quest of practical approaches in order to generate profitable outcomes (macquarie.com/au 2016). Smart objectives Goal 1: Developing and diversifying the business process Key Component Objective Specific CSL- developing biotherapies, which are innovative Macquarie- diversifying business process conering a wide range of financial sectors Measurable CSL- fulfill the medical needs of the patients Macquarie- generate profitable outcomes Achievable CSL- Yes, by incorporating the latest technology within the product development process Macquarie- Yes, by integrating the diversity of the operations together with a strong risk management framework Realistic CSL- invest on Research and Development sector Macquarie- integration of the diversity of the operations with a strong risk management framework Time-Bound CSL- Within few years Macquarie- As soon as possible SMART objective: to maintain strong position by gaining competitive advantage in the market Source: Created by author Values of the Organization CSL The company look for synergies with existing business units and consider opportunities in the therapeutically categories that could help in improving the unmet medical needs of the patients. The business operations of the company integrates a well characterised properties, well validated data and a defined mechanism of action that has helped it in gaining A strong intellectual property position in the market (csl.com.au 2016). The company also conducts clinical trials and scientific advisory panels in order to develop capabilities for supporting the early stage research opportunities in the market (Grne et al 2014). Macquarie group Macquarie integrates opportunity, accountability, and integrity principles within its business approach in order to realize the benefits of its stakeholders (macquarie.com/au 2016). The company encourages ingenuity, innovation and entrepreneurial spirit within its stakeholders such that to enable them to achieve and succeed in the long run. The company realizes the significance of opportunity and integrates the same to be a part of its team members. The company also believes in maintaining its standards and taking responsibility for all the action of its stakeholders while making business decisions. The company also incorporates high ethical standards within its business culture such that to earn the trust of its stakeholders. Smart objectives Goal 2: Integrating opportunities and various principles within the business approach Key Component Objective Specific CSL- synergies with existing business units Macquarie- integrating opportunity, accountability, and integrity principles within its business approach Measurable gaining a strong intellectual property position in the market Achievable CSL- integrating a well characterised properties, well validated data and a defined mechanism of action Macquarie- maintaining its standards and taking responsibility for all the actions while making business decisions Realistic CSL- clinical trials and scientific advisory panels Macquarie- Stakeholders are the main resources Time-Bound CSL- Within a few years Macquarie- Within a few years SMART objective: to develop capabilities for supporting the opportunities in the market Source: Created by author Corporate Social Responsibility CSL CSL group integrates the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in order to conduct its business processes in an ethical way. This integration of the Corporate Social Responsibility within the business process also help the company in contributing to the social, economic, and environmental well-being of its communities as well. The various CSR priority areas of the company include the Research and Development, therapeutic, working, biomedical, and other business environment (csl.com.au 2016). The company also implements the business practice codes that help in guiding and shaping the way it conducts its business process. Moreover, the Corporate Responsibility Steering Committee helps in driving integration, awareness, and improvement of the CSR throughout the company. Macquarie group Macquarie group integrates the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) commitment in its business processes which helps the company in focusing on the areas that are considered material to its business (Kuszewski and Crowther 2012). Macquarie group also implement specific Code of Conduct, which deals in the areas reflecting the risk and opportunities for the company. The business and the issues of interest of the companys stakeholders identify this code of conduct as followed by the company as well (Klettner, Clarke and Boersma 2014). The code of conduct governs the various economic, social, and corporate factors for the company including the environment, workplace, markets, stakeholders, and the sustainability of the company in direct operations as well. Smart objectives Goal 3: Include the CSR in the business areas which are considered material to the business Key Component Objective Specific CSL- priority areas of the company include the Research and Development, therapeutic, working, biomedical, and other business environment Macquarie- focusing on the areas that are considered material to its business Measurable CSL- improvement of the CSR throughout the company Macquarie- enhanced sustainability of the company Achievable CSL- prioritizing the areas of the company include the Research and Development, therapeutic, working, biomedical, and other business environment Macquarie- integrating the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) commitment in its business processes Realistic CSL- Corporate Responsibility Steering Committee Macquarie- Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) committee Time-Bound Within a year SMART objective: to govern the corporate factors in order to gain sustainability in the market Source: Created by author Stakeholders CSL The stakeholders of CSL group include the shareholders, employees, governments, investors, and suppliers. CSL implements polices that governs the directors and employees towards the ethical concerns in the situations of potential conflict of political involvement, interest, financial inducements and bribery. The company commits to operate with the highest integrity such that to gain the trust of its stakeholders and infuse confidence in them. The company has engaged with NAVEX, which helps, in facilitating the reporting of the queries and concerns of the stakeholders of the company (csl.com.au 2016). This engagement of NAVEX promises in investigating and resolving the concerns and issues of the stakeholders. Macquarie group With the experienced Board members and business leaders, Macquarie aims at delivering long-term profitability and returns to its stakeholders by implementing the standards corporate governance and managing the market risks. The stakeholders of the company includes is the investors, clients, suppliers, governments, employees and the wider community. The company incorporates the environmental, social and governance (ESG) commitment that reflects on the responsibility for its clients and communities and stakeholders as well (macquarie.com/au 2016). The company believes in building strong relationships with its stakeholders fro maintaining trust and enhancing the business performance as well. Smart objectives Goal 4: Gaining trust and confidence in the stakeholders Key Component Objective Specific operating with the highest integrity such that to gain the trust of its stakeholders and infuse confidence in them Measurable CSL- implements polices that governs the directors and employees towards the ethical concerns Macquarie- long-term profitability and returns to its stakeholders Achievable CSL- implements polices that governs the staheholders towards situations of potential conflict of political involvement, interest, financial inducements and bribery. Macquarie- Realistic CSL- engagement with NAVEX for facilitating the reporting of the queries and concerns Macquarie- Establishing Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) committee Time-Bound Within a year SMART objective: to enhance the business performance of the stakeholders Source: Created by author Conclusion The project is an assessment of the business process of two companies, which helps in applying to the understanding of the impact of the same within the organizations. The comparison of the business processes of the companies is based on the mission statements, values, stakeholders, and Corporate Social Responsibility of the organizations. The comparisons include the analysis of the business goals and objectives of the organizations in respective of the Smart objectives. This comparison of the organizations is conducted in order to check whether their business goals are meeting with the SMART objectives in the long run. References csl.com.au, (2016).CSL Ltd is a leader in plasma protein biotherapeutics. [online] Csl.com.au. Available at: https://www.csl.com.au/about [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. Grne, G., Lockemann, S., Kluy, V. and Meinhardt, S., 2014. Business Process Management within Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries. Klettner, A., Clarke, T. and Boersma, M., 2014. The governance of corporate sustainability: Empirical insights into the development, leadership and implementation of responsible business strategy.Journal of Business Ethics,122(1), pp.145-165. Kuszewski, J. and Crowther, Y., 2012. Canada and the green economy. macquarie.com/au, (2016).Company profile | Macquarie Group. [online] Macquarie.com. Available at: https://www.macquarie.com/au/about/company [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

Visy Supply Chain Management

Executive Summary Managing operations and Supplies are business processes that ensure adequate supply of materials in a company at the right time at an appropriate competitive cost. Visy, being in the business of packaging, paper manufacture and recycling requires a constant supply of materials for its production.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Visy Supply Chain Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When the company has adequate supply of materials, it is able to produce goods in the right time at an affordable and competitive price. To understand and know areas of improvement of the company’s supply chain management, this report will take an analysis of current supply chain situation in the company and give recommendations on value-adding services that the company can implement in the context of logistics operations. To get the information required for the report, the researcher will use internal information from the company’s website, take a research on consumer preferences and their attitude and finally take a competitive analysis where products of other similar companies will be considered (Visy official website, 2011). Introduction Having a good supply chain management makes a company have continuous production. It ensures that there are adequate supplies at an appropriate price and time. When this is attained, a company gains competitive advantage (Khoo, Bainbridge, spedding and Taplin, 2001). Visy is in the business of collecting waste paper and manufacturing packaging products, the company’s operation are favored by environment conservations in the world; since the company plays a crucial part in maintain a clean environment. On the other hand, the products from the company are recyclable thus; it gets favor from international and national communities. A second strength of the company is a strong brand name in the highly competitive advantage; the name a ssists the company tap opportunities brought about by globalization.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One threat facing the company is high competition and the situation of world economies, there are increasing entrants in the industry and the world economic growth rate has been hampered by global financial crisis of 2007 (Hsu, Tan, Kannan and Keong, 2009). To remain competitive, the company needs to have strategic business operation strategies with among them having an effective and reliable supply chain (both inwards and outwards logistics). Analysis of the existing situation From the analysis of the current situation I the organization, the supply chain management can be commended for their effective supply chain management however the system is likely to be faced by a number of issues. The following are the areas that can be looked into: Expand to international supply o f waste paper for the company law materials Adopt a ‘just in time’ supply system Have an integrated supply chain management that connects all the 110 sites in a way that they can share resources Outsourcing some logistic services to reliable providers and Undertake massive research on the trend in different economies that it can make products that are responsive to consumers needs. Develop a value addition strategy Other than using recycling processes alone to conserve and preserve the environment, the company should diversify in other business that still respect the company’s motto of conservation(Goold and Campbell, 2002). Globalization has made it possible for companies to procure from differently countries, in their efforts to seek for quality products; this offers Visy and opportunity to sell its products globally and is affected indirectly by the increase in international trade. The company strategy supports green supply chain systems that have increasingl y being advocated for in the world, in green supply chain, the effects on environment are crucial component of a supply. Other than having, the physical goods there should be of the right quality and quantity. Companies that adopt a green supply chain enjoys a wider customers base; it is facilitated further by customer enlighten on issues pertaining environmental conservation. The increased presence of goods form international market has resulted to an increase in demand for environmentally friendly production.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Visy Supply Chain Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Those companies who have focused on producing goods, which are environmentally friendly, have secured larger markets than those companies who have not. They are gaining more customer royalty than those whose products and mode of production is not environmentally friendly (Fugate, Mentzer and Stank, 2010). When v alue is added to the company products, customer will get a higher utility form the company and will be willing to buy the products. The company on the other hand will benefit a direct and indirect increase in sales resulting from its customer value increase. Conclusion Although Visy can be commended for being; leader in the recycling business, the company should not relax it value additions; it should invest further in technology and develop other ways of doing business. The company has been in the business for more than 62 years, thus it has a developed a pool of knowledge that it can depend on to improves its products and value they give to customers further. With the leadership in the industry and its strong brand name, the company has the opportunity to use brand extension strategies to increase its sales further. It can easily penetrate other markets as a buyer of recyclable waste material/semi-recycled materials and as a seller of its variable commodity. The global situation i s offering an opportunity to the company as it has embarked on massive campaigns to advocate for the use of environmentally friendly products; this has created a demand for the company’s products. With the current situation, the company is on a better platform to increase and diversify its operation through creating value in its customers and adding value to its products (Creswell, 1998). Recommendations Visy to tap the increasing demand for its products, then it has to develop quality, quantitative, price and logistic objectives. Supply chain management is a strategic management process that ensures that a company has the right goods at the right time and at a competitive cost. It should ensure that at any one time there are adequate materials for production of goods and services. Visy raw materials are mostly recycled paper products that need to be fetched and ensured they are of the right quality and quantity.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Proper supplies of the materials from suppliers working for the company as contractors to collect the material and from companies established for that business (Arntzen, Brown, Harrison and Trafton, 1995). The following are the improvements that the company can make for better logistics eventually leading to an improved business: Value determination mechanisms Value in supplies for manufacture of good translates to value in finished goods. Though the company deals with wastes, not all wastes can be of the right quality. For an efficient supply chain management, there should be value determination mechanism set by the company (Simchi-Levi, Kaminsky and Simchi-levi, 2007). All goods getting in the company should be vetted for quality. Other than raw materials, there should be vetting of output in different stages of production to ensure that there is quality in the final output (Cooper, Lambert and Pagh, 1997). Different industries require different packaging’s; the company sho uld aim at developing a strong research team that analysis the different industries in the world so as it can advice the company effectively on the right material to fetch and use for products targeting certain industry. Supplier relation Visy should develop a good business relationship with its suppliers, as this will assist in making sure that there is reliability in the supply of materials. Suppliers in the company fall in the category of contractors and those companies in the business of supplying raw materials and semi finished goods. This will ensure that the company manufacturing is kept with the right materials always. On the other hand, it is easy to get goods at a better price and market data from suppliers whom the company has established good business relations (Mentzer,2001). Just in time supply mechanism The company should develop a ‘just in time’ supply management system; it creates mechanisms for efficiency and effectiveness in the system. The systems ar e structured in such a way that there is minimal supply in the store but the company has a constant and reliable supply of raw materials. It should undertake an internal analysis of its needs for production (Larson and Halldorsson, 2004). There are times that the company requires more products (this is mostly times of high production) and sometimes pit requires low supplies. This should be documented and the system made in such a way there is always a just in time supply. A just in time supply means that at any one point in time, the company is has adequate supply (Ward Glass, 2008). Supplier base management and Procurement department/ team There is more than one supplier capable of supplying the company with raw materials for its processes. However, they should be vetted to ensure that the best option has been selected (Ketchen and Hul,2006). With the increased industries requiring packaging materials, the company should enforce its research and development department to be able t o get the right supplier for different products. Procurement department is mandated with this task and considers factors like, Reliability: the company must be dependable thus it will not fail Visy, on the other hand it should be adjustable to demands of materials Capability: Visy being an international company, it requires suppliers who can meet its demand for raw materials. Price: the prices set by the supplying company should be set at the best price in the market at any one time. Past experiences: companies which the company has had a nice experience with the company should be used Quality assurance and effectiveness: the suppliers contracted should assure quality in their deliveries (Haag,2006). International logistics and integrated logistics With globalization and massive campaigns in environmental conservations, the company can tap international markets to get its raw materials. To get the supplies from these countries, the company has to understand customs and trade laws that exist between the procured country and Australia. When procuring internationally, to reduce transport costs, the company should get the products in semi-finished state like paper pulp. A contracted company in the country procured can do the semi manufacturing; this will increase raw materials and increase the base of material search. References Arntzen, B., Brown, G., Harrison, T. and Trafton, L., 1995. Global Supply Chain Management at Digital Equipment Corporation. Interfaces, 25(1), 69-93. Cooper, M.C., Lambert, D.M. and Pagh, J.. 1997. Supply Chain Management: More Than a New Name for Logistics. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 8(1), pp. 1–14. Creswell, J., 1998. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. Fugate, B., Mentzer, J. and Stank, T.,2010. LOGISTICS PSERFORMANCE: EFFICIENCY, EFFECTIVENESS, AND DIFFERENTIATION. Journal of Business Logistics, 31(1), pp 43-62. Goold, M . and Campbell, A., 2002. Do you have a well-designed organization? Harvard Business Review, 80(3),pp 117-124. Hsu, C., Tan, K., Kannan, V. and Keong, G., 2009. Supply chain management practices as a mediator of the relationship between operations capability and firm performance. International Journal of Production Research, 47(3), pp 835-855. Haag, S. et el. ,2006. Management Information Systems For the Information Age. New Jersey: McGraw Hill Ryerson Ketchen Jr., G. and Hult, T.M.,2006. Bridging organization theory and supply chain management: The case of best value supply chains. Journal of Operations Management, 25(2),pp. 573-580. Khoo, H. H., Bainbridge, I., Spedding, T. A. and Taplin, D. R.,2001. Creating a Green Supply Chain. Greener Management International, 2(35), pp 71-78. Kouvelis, P., Chambers, C., Wang, H., 2006. Supply Chain Management Research and Production and Operations Management: Review, Trends, and Opportunities. In: Production and Operations Management, 15 (3), pp. 449–469. Larson, P.D. and Halldorsson, A. ,2004. Logistics versus supply chain management: an international survey. International Journal of Logistics: Research Application, 7, (1),Pp. 17-31. Mentzer, J. T.et el.,2001. Defining supply chain management. Journal of Business Logistics, 22(2), 1–26. Simchi-Levi D.,Kaminsky P. and Simchi-levi E., 2007. Designing and Managing the Supply Chain. New Jersey: Mcgraw Hill. Visy official website.2011. Visy for a better world. Available at  https://www.visy.com.au/innovative-packaging Ward Jr., M., and Glass, L., 2008.Inventory Management Systems. National Petroleum News, 100(1), p.24. This report on Visy Supply Chain Management was written and submitted by user Dirty F0x to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Planned Strategy Essays

Planned Strategy Essays Planned Strategy Essay Planned Strategy Essay Planned strategy involves a centre authority, which formulates their intentions as precisely as possible and then strive for its implementation. To do this, the organisation needs to articulate its intentions in the form of a plan and then elaborate on this strategic plan in as much detail as possible. This is prepared by using measures such as schedules, budgets and forecasts. Planned strategy involves making formation assumptions and then following a strict strategy process approach, with strategic decision making taking place in a number of steps. Ansoff (1965) cited in Harris, Forbes Fletcher (2000) illustrates that strategic decision making takes place in four principle steps. These are the perceptions of the decision need or opportunity, formulation of alternative courses of action, evaluation of the alternatives in relation to their respective contributions and the choice of one or more alternatives. This process illustrates how planned planned strategy is. Planned strategy is useful in organisations because it breaks down the process into manageable units. The process of setting objectives and goals allows the management to plan and motivate for the future and this also stimulates employee discussion and debates. Furthermore, the control system enables organisations to periodically review progress and understand how closely their internal performance adheres to their strategic goals and intentions (Osborn, 1998). For planned strategy to be implemented successfully, numerous factors need to be considered. The market and organisation environment needs to be predictable so that strategies can be implemented in a steady and rational way. Planned strategy is useful for controllable elements where the processed are incremental and linear. However, in practical terms, this may not be possible in turbulent, dynamic environments. This is one limitation of the planned approach to strategy formation. When an environment is complex and somewhat uncontrollable or unpredictable, a variety of sub-units in the organisation need to able to respond, especially if there is rapid change (Brown Eisenhardt, 1998). In these situations, patterns in the organisation cannot be planned in one central place (Mintzberg Waters, 1985). Today, organisations are faced with numerous fluctuations in the economy and major technological change. As such, development time frames are becoming shorter and shorter and organisations need to constantly update their production processes. Therefore, the planned strategy may become obsolete over the planning period, due to the changes in the external environment. Brown Eisenhardt (1998) believe that planned strategies fail because they overemphasise the degree to which it is possible to predict which industries, competitors, positions and competences will be viable for what length of time. Furthermore, planned strategies underemphasise the importance and challenge of creating and executing the chosen strategy. Furthermore, planned strategy assumes that a common agreement can be found by all the parties involved in the planning process and it appears to ignore organisational conflicts and politics, or at least assumes they can be easily identified and changed (Burnes, 1996). Theorists have argued that planning is a system on control. This school of thought considers that planned strategy does not relate to a system of thinking, rather as a method of control. It can be seen that planned strategies are implemented in the organisation in a top-down hierarchy structure (Bourlakis Bourlakis, 2001). On the other hand, traditionalist illustrate that organisations that do implement their strategies in a vertical, top-down process, retain functional stability within their business units and have the potential to improve and expand. Planned strategies are found in organisations that simply extrapolate established patterns in environments that they assume will stay stable. In a previous study by Mintzberg Waters (1982) cited in Mintzberg Waters (1985), It was found that strategies appear not to be conceived in planning processes so much as elaborated from existing visions or copied from industry standards and, therefore, do not constitute a thinking or learning process. According to Mintzberg (1988) planned strategy distorts the process of crafting strategy and thereby, misguides the organisations that embrace it unreservedly. Planned and formal strategies can process more hard data and information than in semi-structured planning. However the pitfall to these strategies is that they can never internalise, comprehend or synthesise information (Mintzberg, 1994, p. 111). In other words, planned strategy is not learning and evolving. It consists of a rational sequence with a known outcome. Emergent Strategy The approaches to strategic management are undergoing considerable change. There has been a remarkable shift from planned strategies to more flexible contingent approaches, which can emerge from chance events, as well as from cognitive, cultural and political processes. The emergent strategy rejects the planned approach to strategy. It sees strategies as a one-off exercise and more as a continuous process of change and advancement. Emergent strategies seek to align and re-align the organisation in unpredictable and rapidly changing environments. Furthermore, the reality in organisations is that management does not follow along predictive and linear assumptions. Hamel and Prahalad, cited in Davies Ellison (1998, p. 463) state that the predictive horizon is becoming shorter and shorter. So plans do little more than project the present toward incrementally. It is important to understand the interacting non-linear influences that actions are affected by in order to formulate effective strategies (Macbeth, 2002). Emergent strategies are most likely to be found in organisations characterised as adhocracies or project structures (Shiner, 2001). Changing and complex environments with unique products, incorporating the use of multidisciplinary teams and project work, typify these. Emergent strategies have many advantages in todays organisational settings. First, it stresses the developing and unpredictable nature of change. It views change as a process that unfolds through the interplay of multiple variables (context, political processes and consultation) within an organisation (Burnes, 1996). Therefore, market structure and demands provide the environment that creates much of the need for emergent strategies. Turbulent, competitive and unpredictable markets, together with innovative products, increase the need for emergent strategies. However, emergent strategies tend to lack the coherence of methods and techniques accumulated by the planned approach to strategy. Emergent strategies also lack the presence of competitive advantage based on core competence. This is due to the strategies constantly changing, with no one major idea. Therefore, organisations cannot exploit or develop particular core competences. Emerging organisational strategies make use of a feedback response mechanism. Therefore, responses from competitors, employees, cross functional groups and internal/external environment all have an impact on the impending strategy formation. However, when organisations implement planned strategies, they often sever the vital feedback link between cross-function and dependent groups. This is means that useful information may not be responded to and as such, potential strategies and processes are unrealised. One example that depicts the development of an emergent strategy in an organisation is Honda Motor Companys entry into the United States motorcycle industry in 1959. This illustrates how the planned strategy of entering the market with high powered 250cc and 350cc bikes failed, whereas the strategy of selling 50cc machines emerged (Marsden, 1998). This emerged strategy was so successful that in 1964, nearly one out of every two motorcycles sold was a Honda (Marsden, 1998). Emergent strategies represent ideas that have surfaced from organisations interactions with its customers, markets and competitors and may suggest approaches that were not considered during formal planning (Osborn, 1998). Emergent strategies arise from the daily activities of the organisation and, in many cases, represent bottom-up structure. Furthermore, organisations which are employing emergent strategies, resolve their issues horizontally and across functional teams, reiterating their lack of formal control systems and heightened awareness of learning and thinking processes. Emergent strategies give the organisation the chance to self-organise and realise its potential in more advanced strategies, activities and complexities (Fitzgerald, 2002). A focus on emergent strategies changes the traditional relationship between planning and control. Effective control systems can play a central role in identifying problems and matching them with specific strategic solutions, even if both elements surfaced from apparently random fashion within different parts of the networked organisation (Osborn, 1998). Emerging organisational designs are more organised more explicitly around processes than controlled, traditional, and hierarchical structures. Emergent strategy sees that strategy is an open-ending and continuous process. It can be viewed as a process of learning and not just a strategy of changing organisational structures and practices (Burnes, 1996). Purely planned strategy precludes learning once the strategy is formulated and beginning to be implemented. Emergent strategy advances and encourages thinking and learning (Mintzberg, 1988).

Human Resource Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Human Resource Development - Essay Example As a HR Manager, our company CEO has expressed a similar viewpoint, contending that HRD is unnecessary during the financial crisis and that the HRD budget should be the first to go in case of cost reduction. This is informed by previous actions taken after financial crises, during which this strategy worked. However, the present crisis is starkly different from the earlier ones as it has spread very fast globally and brought world economies close to collapse. This course of action, therefore, may not be as effective as it was earlier. Markets have been steadily decreasing with sales also shrinking; therefore, different solutions are required at company, national, and international level (Caprio, 2012: p54). The current crisis has been compared to the Great Depression, with the remedies used then being implemented by various companies to date (Jungmann et al, 2011: p33). However, serious and vital changes have happened since then. The most important difference is the change in the nat ional economy structures. Compared to the Great Depression era, the service sector has grown in significance with the industrial and agricultural sectors decreasing. This has meant that there has been an extensive strengthening in an area where connection to the material processes has been secondary, even as employment factors have remained significant (Fuchita et al, 2010: p65). Productive capital is to be found embedded into the employee’s and their work. This paper will seek to show that corporate methodology for dealing with the current crisis cannot follow earlier patterns by cutting funding to Human Resource Development L&D. This is informed partly by the character of the present crisis. This is especially factual for a company where intangible assets, have a vital role to play and where production is linked to knowledge instead of tangible assets. The Role of Learning and Development in Times of crisis The management of crisis and their solutions appears time to time i n the media. This usually involves reduction of working time for employees, lay-offs or cuts to Human Resource Development. In most cases, the organizations have no choice with regards to avoiding insolvency or bankruptcy. Cutting funding to Human Resource Development, however, offers short-term solutions while leading to long-term problems (Lazear & Michael, 2009: p44). One assumption made regarding knowledge management is that human capital and information play a more significant role in the input process. A significant part of the organization’s value lies with human capital, i.e. the knowledge in its employees possession, which is a crucial factors as far as improved corporate performance and competitiveness are concerned (Lazear, 1998: p10). Faced by a crisis, however, an organization may begin paying inadequate attention to the retention of knowledge that is lay-offs as well as the improvement of knowledge for its employees. Most companies will utilize a â€Å"lawnmowe r principle† with an aim to reduce costs by trying to economize on their highest components of cost; wages and Human Resource Development (Buckley & Jim, 2009: p22). This strategy, however, is limited in its effectiveness. Cutting costs involves the sacrifice of resources in order to increase profit, with whoever is tasked to examine resource utilization attempting to cut costs by all means possible. Costs, however, occur during operation and not at the investment point. Assets improve profits and costs need

Assignment 3-2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

3-2 - Assignment Example If we talk about religious practices, then rituals may not be a command by the Almighty but only a spiritual satisfaction for those performing these. However, in worldly terms, performing rituals may be a means of reinforcing societal connections and showing reverence or attachment to the other members of the community. People may be performing rituals so as to get themselves socially compatible with their contemporaries. In a Muslim society like ours, the religious rituals that are followed by Muslims are the five basic pillars of Islam (Zahid, 2009) namely confession of faith (shahadat), five times prayers a day, fasting in the month of Ramazan, Alms tax (Zakat), and pilgrimage (Hajj). Along with these, some people have created many rituals that have nothing to do with religion. For example, cooking food in the name of Allah and distributing it (commonly known as khatam shareef) with the purpose of reward thwab, is a common ritual. It has no logical significance but is being practiced widely. As far as social rituals are concerned, along with some which might be good, there are many which are actually harmful in many cases. For example, the concept of dowry is totally misunderstood in today’s society. Dowry has become a ritual that the bride’s family has to practice, which is totally different from what the Almighty has ordered. Dowry (Meher) is, in fact, the sum of money or any gift given from the bridegroom to the bride as per Allah’s laws. But nowadays, dowry is understood as that sum of money or gifts that the bride’s family is liable to give to the bridegroom (jahez). This has become a common ritual which is not at all within the boundaries of religion, and in fact, reverses a command of religion and, in many cases, becomes a curse for the innocent bride. A religious ritual that is observed in my family is getting together of family members at every Thursday after somebody’s death, and also after forty days of death, for the purpose of

Home school vs public school Essay Example for Free

Home school vs public school Essay

Ursula K. LeGuins The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas Essay -- America

Ursula K. LeGuin's The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas Works Cited Not Included In "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas," Ursula K. LeGuin makes use of colorful descriptions and hypothetical situations to draw us into a surrealistic world that illustrates how unsympathetic society can be. LeGuin's ambiguity of how the story will go is purposeful; she cunningly makes her case that each of us handles the undesirable aspects of the world we live in differently, and that ultimately, happiness is relative. As we explore this peculiar world of Omelas, we are prompted to ask ourselves, "What do I think is the `perfect society'? What is happiness to me?", and most importantly (to me), "Would I walk away from Omelas?" While we explore these questions, LeGuin expects that we will discover how far we are willing to go to indulge our need for comfort at the expense and pain of others. How important is our material possessions and comforts? "Perhaps it would be best if you imagined it as your fancy bids, assuming it will rise to the occasion, for certainly I cannot suit you all"(1264), LeGuin invites us to take part in what at first seems to be a surrealistic trip through Omelas -- to explore our own Omelas. To partake as the main character in this utopia, this city of odd joy; we are urged on by a climaxing tempo of colorful passages and lush scenery, "Far off to the north and west the mountains stood up half encircling Omelas on her bay" (1264), and jubilant music and dance, "In other streets the music beat faster, a shimmering of gong and tambourine, and the people went dancing, the procession was a dance" (1264). One can almost hear the children's laughter, "[their] high calls rising like the swallows' crossing flights over t... ...at has become desensitized to the pain and suffering of others. LeGuin creates a paradox by offering us the mercy that is not extended to the child. We are given a chance to escape from Omelas. Will we walk away from Omelas and leave the child to suffer, or stay and become the people of Omelas, with their blank empty smiles? "The place they go towards is a place even less imaginable to most of us than the city of happiness" (1267). We don't know where the place is that these people escape to. Their fate is uncertain, but for those who leave, it is better to go into the unknown than to remain and be a part of this uncaring, indifferent society. LeGuin's short fiction "Those Who Walk Away From Omelas" suggests to us that it is possible to break away from our learned behavior and take on a new, more caring approach to each other, and the world around us.

Charles Dickens and Curley’s Wife Essay

A comparison of Nancy from ‘Oliver Twist’ by Charles Dickens and Curley’s Wife from ‘Of Mice and Men’ by John Steinbeck. In the two books both characters can be compared with each other but in many ways they are different in looks, language and personality, but the reasons for which the authors created them is much the same. I believe that Steinbeck created Curley’s wife, so that the reader feels sorry for her because most of the other characters in the book try to stay clear of her and do not get to know her, and in a sense, judge her by the way she dresses. On the other hand Steinbeck is trying to express to the reader that looks do not count for everything. The main reason for Curley’s wife’s creation in my personal opinion is because all of the characters in the book are misfits for example; Lennie is not clever and acts like a child when he is with George by the riverbank and threatens to leave because George becomes annoyed with him. Also Crooks the Negro is crippled and cannot walk very well, but in his own way he is special and well educated. In the same way Dickens creates Nancy as the type of character that the reader feels sorry for but at the same time accuse her for the mistakes she has made, such as running away from Bill Sikes but returning to him because she loves him and cannot bring herself to leave. As the book progresses the reader begins to gain more respect for Nancy but I believe that there is a reason for Nancy’s death, which is brought about by Oliver and this, is that doing the right thing does not always mean that it is not dangerous to yourself. The two characters have different opinions on their partners and are not treated in the same way, but neither of them is happy with her life. Curley’s wife is unhappy with her life and this is most likely because Curly is over possessive of her and all he ever talks about is fighting which makes her a little scared of what he may do to her if he is in a mood. She is always flirting with other men on the ranch like when she is alone with Lennie she says, ‘What you got there sonny boy. ‘ We are also given the impression that she is a ‘tart’ by the way Steinbeck describes what she wears, ‘She wore her bright cotton dress and the mules with red ostrich feathers. Her face was made up and the little sausage curls were all in place. ‘ Curley’s wife married Curley to get back at her mother after her dreams had been broken because the letter, which she had been promised from Hollywood never, arrived. On the other hand the only reason Curley married her was for his reputation and we know that he is vein due to the way he keeps one hand in a glove in order to keep it soft for her. Curley is also worried about what she may be up to when he is absent and therefore is always snooping around after her, which makes his wife feel trapped. Nancy in much the same way is not loved either but she does really care about Bill Sikes. Unlike Curley’s wife, Nancy is assaulted by Bill on many different occasions and is eventually killed by him. The main difference between the two characters is that Sikes is not overprotective of Nancy in the same way Curley is and will let her go out as long as he knows where she is going, the reason for this is that Sikes knows that Nancy is loyal to him. When Nancy meets up with Rose and helps to save Oliver she also offers Nancy a new start but the offer is declined because Nancy does not want to leave Bill Sikes and she says, The main contrast between the two characters is that Nancy loves Bill, but Curley’s wife does not love her husband but she cannot leave him because she lives on the ranch and has no other place to stay. The characters partner’s opinions compare because neither of them really care for their lover. Sikes treats Nancy like a ‘punch bag’ and she is scared of Curley because he has hit many other people and she is suspense waiting to see if he will lash out at her. In ‘Of Mice and Men’ Curley’s wife is known to some of the other characters such as Crooks, George and Candy as a ‘tart’ or a ‘bitch’ and a good example of this is when she walks into the bunkhouse and George says, ‘Jesus what a tramp, so that’s what Curly picked for a wife. ‘ As George is saying this Lennie is admiringly staring at her saying’ ‘She’s purty’ in response to Georges insult. Most of the men on the ranch try to stay clear of her and George warns Lennie about her too, ‘ Listen to me you crazy bastard, don’t you even take a look at that bitch. I don’t care what she says and what she does. I seen ’em poison before, but I never seen no piece of jailbait worse than her. You leave her be. ‘ Lennie refuses not to listen and ends up not taking any real notice of what George has says to him. Oliver respects Nancy, like Lennie is fond of Curley’s wife and both of them seem to have child like qualities that judge the characters for who they are and not how they dress or look. In the same way as Curley’s wife is despised by the ranch workers, Nancy is looked down on by the upper class people of the nineteenth century. The main reason the upper class residents do not respect Nancy is because she is a prostitute and in the time of Dickens this occupation was the lowest of the low for a woman. When Nancy goes to visit Rose, who is the adopted daughter of the women whose house Oliver broke in to, she is looked down on by the servants and thrown out of the hotel because of the way she looks. ‘Come! ‘ said the man taking her to the door, ‘None of this, take yourself off. ‘ The servants are not the only characters that look down on Nancy, Fagin and Sikes treat her badly and Dickens describes Sikes as using Nancy as his punch bag. Bill Sikes persists this behaviour even though Nancy looks after him when she is ill and says that she would even walk around the jail if he was arrested, just to be with him, but Sikes replies that she would be useless to him unless she brought a file to help him escape. On the whole I feel that neither of the character are loved and they are judged by the way they look, not by the people they really are inside. Each of the characters is special to one person, in Curley’s wife’s case Lennie and in Nancy’s, Oliver. I feel that the biggest difference between the two books is the language and the reason for this difference is the time at which they were written. In John Steinbeck’s ‘Of Mice and Men’ the language is simple but strong, the reason Steinbeck’s characters speak in this way is because that’s the way 1930s Americans would have spoken, for example, when George, Crooks and Slim are talking about Lennie, George says, ‘If that crazy bastard foolin’ around too much, jus’ kick him out, Slim. ‘ There is also a large amount of slang used between the characters, like when George and Curly are talking and George replies, ‘He was ‘gunna’ put some tar on a split roof. ‘

We Must Stop Animal Research and Animal Testing Essay

What if I told you that more than 100 million animals are killed each year due to animal testing? What if I told you that these animals are burned, crippled, abused and poisoned on a regular basis? What if I told you that in order to obtain your favorite shampoo, hand sanitizer, lotion, etc. that innocent animals must be tortured? Throughout history animal research and experimentation has played a key role in scientific benefit and discovery. Even I cannot deny the numerous medical breakthroughs that have been founded using animals as test subjects; however, this does not excuse the physical and emotional persecution these poor animals must endure. Animal testing should be illegal. The use of animals in testing facilities is†¦show more content†¦Oftentimes these chemicals are left there for days and these rabbits suffer with no relief. For skin irritancy tests the animals are detained and chemicals, like perfume/cologne, are placed on a patch of shaved skin (â€Å"Blindedâ € ). These tests may sound harmless, but in reality they cause great damage to the participants. Common side effects of such experiments include but are not limited to, redness, bleeding, ulcers, burning and blindness. These animals are in constant pain to test products not intended for their use. As horrifying as that mental picture may have been, I realize that there can be no solution without an alternative and luckily there are. EpiDerm testing uses reconstructed human epidermal to test how chemicals will react to actual human skin. According to mattek.com, â€Å"This procedure [EpiDerm] can be used as full replacement of the in vivo rabbit skin irritation test for hazard identification and labeling of chemicals.† Basically this test is just as effective as using rabbits and no one is harmed. Bovine Corneal Opacity can also replace the Draize eye test. For this test the eye of a slaughtered meat animal is used to assess how one might react if chemicals entered the eye. Many people question the validity of this alternative because of their skepticism on how the eye of a dead animal could provide accurate results, but fortunately it does. Tests to assess the legitimacy of thisShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing is Wrong! Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesPicture yourself in a testing laboratory; needles, drugs, and knives pointed in your direction with you having no idea what’s going on around you, this is how animals everyday are treated, we have to stop this now! Millions of animals are killed in laboratories everyday with no chance to object to what the testers are about to do to them. Animals feel as much pain as humans do so why does it make it okay to test on them when they are so alike to humans? 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This doesnt include non USDA registered labs† (â€Å"Wikianswers†). Lab animals are cut up and tortured to death all in the name of science. How can we as fellow animal species continue to allowRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing1502 Words   |  7 Pagesthat animal testing is beneficial to the advancement of human knowledge, while animal rights’ activists claim that animal testing is not humane and violates animals’ rights. The controversy over animal testing is best understood as a disagreement about whether animal testing is beneficial to humans. Each year more than 100 million animals are killed in the U.S. Every country has a law that permits medical experimentation on animals. While some countries protect particular kinds of animals fromRead MoreThe Use Of Zebrafish With Spinal Injuries1430 Words   |  6 PagesAP English Language 18 December 2015 Continue Animal Experimentation In her lab, Catherina Becker studies the capability of zebrafish with spinal injuries to reconstruct their spinal cord. For the zebrafish to accomplish this, it has to do many things. First, various kinds of immune cells must leave the area of the injury. Then, it has to reconnect the contact between the brain and the spinal cord. And finally, the stem cells in the spinal cord must create new cells in order to be attached to theRead MoreAnimal Testing And The Scientific Field1305 Words   |  6 Pagesscientific field, people find that the richest discoveries in health or medicine generally depend on animal testing. 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